The present study aimed at formulating a framework for research mentoring functions among Ph. D. students using the qualitative synthesis research method. The research population included all related studies in international databases from 2000 to 2017. Given the forenamed studies، 83 studies were selected and examined after three stages of screening based on the subject، abstract، and content of the studies. Finally، 20 studies were purposefully chosen as the research sample. The research data were extracted and analyzed using the thematic analysis method. As a result، 128 basic themes were identified for the functions of research mentoring، which were categorized into 22 sub-components. Ultimately، the sub-components were categorized and presented in terms of five main items، including (1) relational function، (2) scientific and research function، (3) psychological function، (4) social function، and (5) professional function.

Introduction: mentoring functions Questionnaire (MFQ-9) is one of the prominent tools for assessing vocational support, psychosocial support and role modeling from mentor/manager /supervisor in the organizations. The aim of present study was to evaluate the psychometric properties and confirmatory factor analysis for MFQ-9 in hospital personnel.Methods: Methodology of this study was descriptive and validation. Statistical population included all of physicians, nurses, radiology and administrative staff and service workers of Poursina State Hospital in Rasht.403 employees were selected by quota sampling in 2013. Three-factor solution structure of MFQ-9 and also its internal consistency reliability, construct validity and concurrent validity were examined. All statistical analyses performed by SPSS-20 and AMOS-21 softwares.Construct validity of MFQ-9 was evaluated by other measures that theoretically expected to have relations with them, such as organizational justice, organizational commitment, job satisfaction and quality of work life. Finally the concurrent criterion validity of MFQ-9 was evaluated by multivariate regression analysis.Results: Confirmatory factor analysis demonstrated that the ratio χ2/df is 3.75 for MFQ-9 threefactor structure and fit indexes are satisfactory for this structural model (RMSEA=0.083 , CFI=0.970, TLI=0.954, NFI=0.959, GFI=0.953). Internal consistency of MFQ-9 were considerable (vocational support=0.84, psychosocial support=0.82, Role modeling=0.85 and total questionnaire=0.92). The item-total correlation coefficients after deleting item obtained very strong in the range of 0.60 to 0.80 for each of the items. Total scores of MFQ-9 predicts a significant proportion of the scores variance in tests of organizational justice, organizational commitment, job satisfaction and quality of work life and it was correlated with them in expected directions.Conclusion: MFQ-9 has appropriate psychometric properties and a good fit with three-factor structure and can be used in managerial-hospital situation.

Nowadays, medical education has been experiencing rapid advancements that have led to numerous and enthusiastic changes. 1 To facilitate these changes, it is essential to use updated references, do cutting-edge research, and conduct innovative practices in this field. . . .

Dear Editor, Today, research efficiency is a critical element not only for scientific institutions but also for governments. Previous studies indicate that outstanding high-impact research requires the collaboration of professional researchers and teams of experts. 1 An essential step toward establishing expert researchers and professional research teams involves the collaboration of a professional instructor to train and guide the learners during their research process. 2 On the other hand, peer learning, peer education, and peer mentoring should not be neglected in this field of education, teaching, and learning, as well as training....

Introduction: The research results showed that there was a relatively large gap in training operating room skills and clinical practice, so that clinical training did not enable students to perform the required tasks. One of the new approaches in training is a mentoring program. The aim of this study was to review mentoring of operating room students.Methods: This study was a Systematic Review of Persian and English data including those available in PubMed, Ovide, Elsevier, ProQuest, IranMedex, SID, and Magiran databases, searched using key terms such as mentor, mentee, mentoring, mentorship, operating room, and surgery from 2001 to 2015. All articles and studies about mentoring were retrieved, which included 342 articles. Of this number, only 27 articles were about the use of mentoring in the operating room.Results: In total, 27 articles were analysed including 18 research articles and nine review articles in two themes. Themes included: 1- Faculty and surgical technologists act as mentors for operating room students 2- Important mentoring strategies and creating clinical competency in newcomers to the operating room.Conclusions: mentoring approach effects improvement of clinical competency in operating room students. It is suggested for this method to be used in the training of medical and paramedic students.

Improving participation in voluntary activities in Iran is important because increasing productivity among young people, given the country's young population, contributes to community sustainability. Therefore, a better understanding of volunteer motivation in Iranian youth is needed. The Volunteer functions Inventory (VFI) for assessing volunteer motivations has good psychometric properties and is adapted to several languages, but no validated Iranian translation yet exists. The purpose of this study was to investigate the psychometric Characteristics of voluntary functions inventory in members of Iranian Red Crescent Society. Sample size was 595 members of Youth Organization of Iranian Red Crescent Society from 31 provinces and 175 cities of Iran that were selected by multi-stage cluster sampling method and responded to voluntary functions inventory. Data were collected using a demographic sample and voluntary functions inventory (VFI). Confirmatory factor analysis using principal components method was used for data analysis. The results of the present study showed that the voluntary functions inventory had validity and reliability. Also, the factor structure showed that 29 items and 6 factors well assess people's attitudes to volunteering, and the structure of this inventory was well-fitted and confirmed all goodness of fit models. The present study provides the use of the Iranian translation of the Voluntary functions Inventory (6 scales and 29 items) to assess volunteer motivation among young Iranian volunteers.